Which motor type requires commutation for efficient operation?

Commutation is a process that is essential for the efficient operation of brush-type DC motors. In these motors, the brushes make contact with a rotating commutator, which switches the direction of the current flowing through the motor windings. This switching is critical because it ensures that the torque-producing magnetic field is always in the correct alignment with the rotor, allowing for continuous and efficient rotation.

In brush-type DC motors, the design inherently requires this commutation to maintain the motor's operation. Without commutation, the motor would quickly stall as the torque would not be properly directed, leading to a loss of motion. The brushes effectively serve as a mechanical switch, enabling the motor to function by flipping the polarity of the windings at appropriate intervals.

Conversely, other motor types, such as brushless DC motors, induction motors, and universal motors, do not rely on mechanical commutation but instead utilize other methods for current switching. Brushless DC motors achieve efficient operation through electronic commutation, eliminating the need for brushes and commutators entirely. Induction motors work based on electromagnetic induction without the need for commutation, while universal motors can operate on both AC and DC but do not depend on mechanical commutation like brush-type DC motors. Therefore, the