When a grounding electrode conductor is installed in a metal raceway, how many ends should be bonded to the raceway?

The requirement to bond both ends of the grounding electrode conductor to the metal raceway is based on effective grounding and bonding principles. This ensures that the grounding system provides a low-resistance path to ground under fault conditions. By bonding both ends, you create a more reliable electrical connection that can effectively carry any fault current back to the ground, thereby enhancing the safety of the installation.

When both ends are bonded, it minimizes the potential for loose connections or variations in grounding potential, which could lead to unsafe conditions or equipment malfunction. Furthermore, in case of a fault, the bonding enables the grounding system to respond quickly, helping to trip circuit protection devices and reduce the risk of electrical shock or fire.

Bonding one end alone would not provide a sufficient or balanced grounding path, and bonding neither would fail to meet code requirements for grounding systems. The mention of bonding only the main grounding locknut would not satisfy the requirements either, as it wouldn't ensure adequate grounding throughout the circuit. Thus, bonding both ends of the grounding electrode conductor within the metal raceway is fundamental for maintaining an effective and safe grounding system.