What is the role of a GFCI in a 120-volt receptacle circuit?

A Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) plays a crucial role in enhancing safety against electrical shocks in a 120-volt receptacle circuit. The primary function of a GFCI is to monitor the current flowing through the circuit. It compares the outgoing current on the hot wire with the returning current on the neutral wire. If it detects an imbalance, which may occur if there is a ground fault (such as a person coming into contact with a live wire), the GFCI quickly cuts off the power supply to prevent electric shock.

This safety feature is especially important in areas where water is present, such as kitchens, bathrooms, or outdoor locations, as the risk of electric shock is significantly higher in wet environments. Therefore, the role of a GFCI is vital in protecting individuals from serious injuries or fatalities due to electrical shock, making it a critical component in electrical installations for safety compliance.