In case of a severe heat-related illness, what is the safest method of cooling down a person?

Applying cool, damp cloths is the safest method of cooling down a person experiencing severe heat-related illness because this approach effectively lowers body temperature without the risks associated with more extreme cooling methods.

When cool, damp cloths are applied to the skin, they utilize evaporation to help cool the body. This method is gentle and can be done over a longer period, allowing for a gradual cooling effect that minimizes potential complications. It is particularly useful because it does not cause shock to the system that might occur with sudden exposure to extreme cold, such as immersion in ice water.

Using ice cold water to immerse someone, while it may seem effective, can lead to rapid temperature changes that might overwhelm the body, potentially resulting in hypothermia or other complications. Turning on a fan without dampening the skin, while it may provide some comfort, does not actively cool the body effectively as it relies solely on air circulation without evaporation. Giving ice to chew could also pose a risk, especially if the person is very dehydrated or has a compromised ability to chew or swallow.

In cases of severe heat stress, a controlled and gradual cooling method is not only effective but also safer for the affected individual.